Torque Self-Test: Angular Acceleration
You spin a bicycle wheel (diameter of 0.85 m, mass of 4.5 kg), applying a force of 24 N tangentially. You will find the angular acceleration of the wheel by the following steps.
(a) What is the torque on the wheel?
- A. 5.1 N m
- B. 9.8 N m
- C. 10.2 N m
- D. 20.4 Nm
- A. No. You have made too many divisions by 2
- B. No Weight is not involved
- C. Correct
- D. You have probably used the diameter instead of the radius.
(b) Assuming the wheel is a thin-walled hollow cylinder, what is its moment of inertia?
Moment of inertia is the rotational analogue to mass.
Here is a list of moments of inertia for various bodies:
Shape | Axis | Equation |
---|---|---|
slender Rod | axis through center | I=(1/12)ML2 |
slender Rod | axis through end | I=(1/3)ML2 |
rectangular plane | axis through center | I=(1/2)M(a2+b2) |
rectangular plane | axis along edge | I=(1/3)Ma2 |
cylinder | hollow | I=(1/2)M(R12+R22) |
cylinder | solid | I=(1/2)MR2 |
cylinder | thin-walled hollow | I=MR2 |
sphere | solid | I=(2/5)MR2 |
sphere | thin-walled hollow | I=(2/3)MR2 |
- A. 0.761 kg m2
- B. 0.813 kg m2
- C. 1.015 kg m2
- D. 1.137 kg m2
- A. No: Remember it is a THIN cylinder (or ring)
- B. Correct
- C. No: Remember it is a THIN cylinder (or ring)
- D. No: Remember it is a THIN cylinder (or ring)
(c) Find the angular acceleration, α , of the wheel.
- A. 12.5 rad/s2
- B. 14.0 rad/s2
- C. 15.8 rad/s2
- D. 18.4 rad/s2
- A. Correct
- B. No. Remember for this wheel tou have determined that I=0.813Nm2 and Torque =10.2Nm
- C. No. Remember for this wheel tou have determined that I=0.813Nm2 and Torque =10.2Nm
- D. No. Remember for this wheel tou have determined that I=0.813Nm2 and Torque =10.2Nm
(a) The torque is:
τ=r×F
=(0.425)⋅(24)⋅sin(90)
=10.2N⋅m
(b) The moment of inertia for a thin-walled, hollow cylinder is:
I=M⋅R2
=(4.5)⋅0.4252
=0.813kg⋅m2
(c) Recall that the net torque is equal to the moment of inertia multiplied by angular acceleration:
∑τ−I⋅α
Since there is only one torque on the bicycle wheel, then the net torque is simply τ:
τ=I⋅α
Rearranging the above equation for α , and substituting for τ and I, we get:
α=TI=10.20.813=12.5s−2